Modular building is an assembly technology that uses pre made modular components to assemble various houses, making construction simple and assembly flexible. Modular components are prefabricated in the factory, which facilitates industrial production, improves work efficiency, reduces material consumption, and is less affected by seasons. Modular buildings have the characteristics of fast construction speed, good seismic performance, large usage area, light building weight, simple construction, flexible assembly, and low labor and material consumption. They also have the function of relocating houses, so they will be applied and promoted in urban construction.

The industrial production makes modular buildings more sophisticated in craftsmanship compared to traditional building construction: high-quality control, precise cutting, material savings, effective utilization of wood, and the use of waste as fuel for factories, among other things. Moreover, compared to traditional housing construction, the large-scale procurement of raw materials and the selection of factories in areas with low labor costs have reduced costs and improved quality. Of course, people will choose it.

In the early stages of the development of modular housing, the range of options for house style design was very limited, and most of the designs were completed by factories themselves. The factory only made minor changes according to the customer's requirements. In fact, the overall style and style of modular residential products that were previously born from industrialization are single and outdated.

In recent years, more and more homeowners have become aware of this new type of residential building model, and more and more innovative design schemes have emerged. Personalized design and selection are also becoming increasingly popular. Today, the design of modular architecture can meet people's imagination and pursuit of any era. Any style, such as colonial architecture (note: a traditional American architectural style), Cape Cod style cabins (note: one story or one and a half high and compact houses with a triangular roof with a central chimney), and even size, many ordinary people's designs have become popular and widely borrowed and used. Modular housing is becoming increasingly popular, and people's requirements for its architectural style are becoming more complex. Architectural designers are constantly improving their design styles to meet the personalized needs of homeowners. For example, the dimensions of various modules that the factory can manufacture, the direction of the house, and the connection details of each module. In addition, the geographical location of the building destination also needs to be considered. If passing through narrow or uneven roads, it is necessary to design and use small modules for transportation, which needs to be considered in the early design stage.

2、 Advantages of modular buildings in design and construction

The characteristic of modular architecture is that the construction period is much shorter than traditional construction periods, generally shortening by about half to one-third. Therefore, this type of house is suitable for places with severe housing shortages and housing difficulties waiting to be solved. Meanwhile, box component factories in the United States are generally located in towns near riverbanks to reduce transportation costs. Due to the heavy weight of modular buildings, large tonnage cranes are used for lifting, which also imposes certain limitations on construction. Modular architecture has a series of outstanding advantages, among which the biggest advantage is its fast speed. Compared with large panel houses, the construction cycle of modular houses can be shortened by 50-70%, accelerating capital turnover, and quickly realizing investment benefits to meet the needs of users.

Secondly, due to the high degree of industrial production of modular buildings, labor is particularly economical. Compared with large panel houses, the total labor consumption can be reduced by approximately 10-15%; Compared to brick buildings, it can reduce costs by 30-50%. The reduction in labor at the construction site is particularly significant, generally reducing it by more than half compared to large panel houses. Finally, the loss of materials and equipment is reduced, and the working conditions of workers are greatly improved, avoiding the suffering of sun and rain. The construction process can be unaffected or less affected by climate, which is conducive to organizing balanced construction throughout the year.